Table 1 Current qualified and proposed kidney injury biomarkers
From: Sex differences in kidney gene expression during the life cycle of F344 rats
Kidney biomarker a | Qualified | Kidney injury location | Sex bias | Maximum fold-change sex difference | Age of largest sex difference (weeks) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kim-1 (Havcr1) | Yes | Prox Tub | F > M | 23.5 | 8 |
TFF3 (Tff3) | Yes | Prox Tub | M > F | 9.7 | 21 |
NGAL (Lcn2) | Yes | Prox, Dist Tub | M > F | 3.7 | 78 |
Osteopontin (Spp1) | Yes | Prox, Dist Tub, Lp Hnle | F > M | 2.7 | 8 |
Clusterin (Clu) | Yes | Prox, Dist Tub | M > F | 2 | 104 |
GST-α (Gsta2) | Yes | Prox Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
Fetuin-A (Ahsg) | No | Prox Tub | M > F | 600 | 2 |
HGF (Hgf) | No | Prox Tub | F > M | 2.4 | 2 |
GST-μ (Gstm1) | No | Dist Tub | M > F | 2.1 | 21 |
Interleukin-18 (Il-18) | No | Prox Tub | M > F | 1.5 | 104 |
GST-π (Gstp1) | No | Dist Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
NHE3 (Slc9a3r2) | No | Prox Tub, Lp Hnle | No sex difference | - | - |
Liver-type FABP (Fabp1) | No | Dist Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
CYR-61 (Cyr-61) | No | Prox Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
Heart-type FABP (Fabp3) | No | Dist Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
NAG (Hexb) | No | Prox Tub | No sex difference | - | - |
Netrin-1 (Ntn1) | No | Prox Tub | No sex difference | - | - |